nginx安装

1. nginx安装

1.1 yum安装

#添加yum源
rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
#安装nginx
yum -y install nginx
#启动
systemctl start nginx
service nginx start
#停止
systemctl stop nginx
service nginx stop
#查看状态
systemctl status nginx
service nginx status
#开机自启
systemctl enable nginx
chkconfig nginx off

#配置文件路径
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

#html路径
/usr/share/nginx/html

#卸载
#删除相关文件
rm -rf /usr/sbin/nginx
rm -rf /etc/nginx
rm -rf /etc/init.d/nginx

#卸载
yum remove nginx

1.2 源码安装

1.1 源码包下载

传送门nginx官网

wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz

提示

错误: 无法验证 nginx.org 的由 “/C=US/O=Let's Encrypt/CN=R3” 颁发的证书:
颁发的证书还未生效。

使用以下命令

wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz --no-check-certificate

1.2 依赖包安装

yum -y install gcc zlib zlib-devel pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel

#解压
tar -xvf  nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz 
#编译
cd nginx-1.24.0

./configure --with-http_ssl_module
#编译可选参数
默认安装位置 /usr/local/nginx/
可以使用命令指定安装位置，其他参数也一样	
./nginx-1.24.2/configure --prefix=/home --with-http_ssl_module

其他可选参数

--prefix=PATH：指定 nginx 的安装目录
--conf-path=PATH：指定 nginx.conf 配置文件路径
--user=NAME：nginx 工作进程的用户
--with-pcre：开启 PCRE 正则表达式的支持
--with-http_ssl_module：启动 SSL 的支持
--with-http_stub_status_module：用于监控 Nginx 的状态
--with-http-realip_module：允许改变客户端请求头中客户端 IP 地址
--with-file-aio：启用 File AIO
--add-module=PATH：添加第三方外部模块

#编译
make
#安装
make install

#启动
cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin
./nginx

#停止
./nginx -s stop
./nginx -s quit

#重启
./nginx -s reload

常用命令

nginx -c /../nginx.conf  # 指定配置文件启动
nginx -t  # 验证配置是否正确
nginx -V  # 查看Nginx的详细的版本号
nginx -v  # 查看Nginx的简洁版本号
nginx -s reload  # 重启Nginx（重新读取配置）
nginx -s reopen  # 重新打开日志文件
nginx -t -c /path/to/nginx.conf  # 测试Nginx配置文件是否正确
nginx -s stop  # 快速停止Nginx
nginx -s quit  # 完整有序地停止Nginx

卸载

直接删除 /usr/local/nginx/

2. nginx配置

2.1 开机自启

vim /etc/init.d/nginx

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config:      /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

#nginx位置
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {
    # make required directories
    user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
    if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
        useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
    fi
    options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
    for opt in $options; do
        if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
            value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
            if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
                # echo "creating" $value
                mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
            fi
        fi
    done
}

start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    make_dirs
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    sleep 1
    start
}

reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc $nginx -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

configtest() {
  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case
   $1 in
       start)
           rh_status_q && exit 0
           $1
           ;;
       stop)
           rh_status_q || exit 0
           $1
           ;;
       restart|configtest)
           $1
           ;;
       reload)
           rh_status_q || exit 7
           $1
           ;;
       force-reload)
           force_reload
           ;;
       status)
           rh_status
           ;;
       condrestart|try-restart)
           rh_status_q || exit 0
               ;;
       *)
           echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|configtest|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|force-reload}"
           exit 2
   esac

#授予脚本执行权限：
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
#将 Nginx 添加到启动项中：
sudo chkconfig --add nginx
#启用 Nginx 服务以便在系统启动时自动启动：
sudo chkconfig nginx on

2.2 配置